Machine for electromagnetically separating casting residues



Dec. 16, 1941. H. WAGNER EAL 2,266,453

MACHINE FOR ELECTROMAGNETIGALLY SEPARATING CASTING RESIDUES Filed Feb.23, 1939 Patented Dec. 16, 1941 MACHINE FOR ELECTROMAGNETICAILYSEPARATING CASTING RESIDUES Heinrich Wagner and Hans Gassner, Laasphe,Lahn, Germany, asslgnors to Muller & Wagner Giessereimaschinenfabrik,Laasphe, Lahn, Germany, a firm Application February In Germany Infoundries and casting-cleaning works residues consisting of stones,clay, sand, slag and particles of iron, which formerly were piled in aheap, accumulate. In recent times the practice has been adopted ofutilising the iron contained in these residues. Revolving magneticdrums, over which the residues were passed and which separated the iron,have been used. By this means, however, only a very imperfect separationof the iron from the residues is attained, because in many cases theiron conglomerates with the other parts of the residues to form lumps,and therefore no separation can be carried out on such a drum. Theefficiency of such an apparatus is also extremely low.

The object of the present invention is the provision of a machine whichavoids these disadvantages by hurling or throwing the residuesforcefully against the lower part of a magnetic drum. In this case thehurling is eflected by means of any known centrifugal apparatus, forinstance by means of a belt on which the residues are placed by hand.The throwing device hurls the residues against the lower part of arevolving magnetic drum, whereby the lumps are disintegrated, and theiron particles in the residues adhere to the magnetic drum whereas theother, non-magnetic parts fall downwards. Only a part of the drum ismade magnetic by means of a fixed magnet located in its interior, sothat the iron particles retained thereby are first of all carriedupwards, but then fall downwards and can be conducted by means of achute or the like to a storage vessel or to a vehicle. In this case thechute is preferably provided with holes or slots in order that any sandwhich may have been carried along can fall through and be carried away.

In order to prevent pieces of iron from becoming jammed between the drumand the edge of the chute, in a second embodiment of the invention theiron particles are removed from the drum by a conveyer belt andconducted to the chute. The conveyer belt is arranged around the drum,preferably over its entire width, and runs also over a guide rollerwhich lies directly over the chute. The iron particles first of alladhere to the conveyer belt owing to the magnetism of the drum, and arecarried along as far as the other side. Then the conveyer belt bringsthem directly over the chute and throws them down into it, so that theiron particles can no longer become jammed therein. The chute need notthen bear against the drum, but is disposed at a suitable distance fromit.

23, 1939, Serial No. 257,792 February 26, 1938 Two forms of constructionof the invention are shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of one form of construction, and

Fig. 2 shows the upper part of a second form of construction otherwiseconstructed as in Fig. 1.

On a frame, preferably a travelling one, is arranged a centrifugaldevice which consists in known manner of a dispersing belt 2, of rubberfor instance, which runs over two rollers 3 and 4. It is driven by amotor 5 mounted in a frame I by means of gearing 8 and a belt I. Theconveyer belt 2 may be provided with conveyer slats,

' but may also be in the form of a smooth band according to the natureof the residues to be separated.

Over the centrifugal device is arranged a rotating iron drum 8 which isdriven by the roller 4 by means of a belt 9. In the interior of thisiron drum is arranged a stationary magnet I0 which makes the part of thedrum 8 which surrounds it magnetic. The drummay be made adjustable inrespect of its level.

At the side of the drum there is provided a backwardly directed chute IIwhich leads to a storage container l2.

The residues to be purified are thrown into the hopper-trough i3surrounding the belt 2 and carried along by the latter during itsmovement. Then they leave the belt at H and strike against the magneticpart of the drum 8. Owing to impact against the drum, the lumpscontained in the residues are disintegrated and the iron particlescontained therein are exposed so that by the latter during its movement.At 15 they fall into the chute II as at this position the periphery ofthe drum is no longer magnetic. Thus the iron particles enter thestorage vessel II.

It is also advantageous to provide in the wall of the chute a number ofholes or slots I through which any sand or the like which may have beencarried along can fall.

The non-metallic part of the residues, on striking against the drum,immediately falls down and accumulates at I! as a sand heap. If desired,a container may also be provided here.

The speed of ,,the magnetic drum and that of the dispersing belt arechosen in a suitable ratio, so that maximum efllciency is obtained.

In the second form of construction of the machine shown in Fig. 2. therevolving magnetic drum is again denoted by 8, and it is driven by thebelt 8 of the roller 4. The magnet located therein is denoted by ll.

Around the magnetic drum 8 there is arranged a conveyer belt I! whichruns over a roller II which is mounted on an arm 18. The roller islocated above the chute II which receives the iron particles.

The residues to be purified fly off the belt at H and strike the drum 8.The non-magnetic particles fall down, whereas the magnetic particlesadhere to the conveyer belt l'l by which they are carried along untilthey fall into the chute II and from thence into the storage vessel.

The chute may also be provided with longitudinal slots running over itsentire length, or may consist entirely or partly of a wire netting orthe like.

By means of such a machine, any material containing iron can bepurified, that is to say particularly the residues which accumulate inthe operation of foundries, cupola iumaces, and in the cleaning ofcastings, but also dry molding sand or metal shavings or the like whichcontain iron particles.

Instead of the centrifugal belt, any equivalent device such as arotating wheel or the like may be used.

.c Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the bestmeans we know of carrying the same into practical eflect, we claim:

In an apparatus for handling molding sand and the like, a rotary drum, astationary magnet within said drum for magnetizing one of the verticalhalves of said drum, means for hurling the raw sand upwardly against thelower portion .0! said magnetized half, the hurling force being greaterthan the force of gravity and sufllciently strong to break up the rawsand, whereby the dispersed sand will drop freely while the ironparticles contained therein will adhere to said drum, and means forcollecting said iron particles from the non-magnetized halt of saiddrum.

HEINRICH WAGNER. HANS GASSNER.

